Situated in the north-east of the country, the Site covers the downstream 65-kilometre stretch of the Soummam river catchment. It is characterized by permanent rivers, temporary marshes in the elevated areas, and a coastal lagoon. It is of particular importance for recharging groundwater reserves and regulating the river’s flow; the upstream sections limit the risk of flooding further downstream. The Site supports 119 species of birds, 38 species of mammal, amphibians and reptiles, and around 36% of fish species in Algerian inland waters. The estuary is a fish diversity hotspot, as a breeding and nursery area for many marine and brackish water species. The main land uses are agriculture (notably including olive plantations) and small village settlements. The principal threats relate to the unsustainable use of the Site’s resources to support this agriculture.