Endla is a freshwater complex of peat bogs, swamp forests, lakes and rivers in central Estonia. The rivers, strips of forest and Lake Endla divide the site into eight bog areas. These were formed by post-glacial paludification processes of significant scientific interest. The Site is the best-preserved mire system in the area, and supports a rich variety of species, many of which are nationally or internationally threatened; it is especially important for maintaining the geographic range of plant species and communities common to raised bogs. Numerous nationally threatened bird species, such as golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos), osprey (Pandion haliaetus) and northern lapwing (Vanellus vanellus) use the area for breeding. Human activities include agriculture and sport fishing, while the main threats to the Site are the impacts of old drainage systems, wastewater and agricultural pollution. The Site is an important area for water supply, conservation education, and scientific research. Educational facilities include a visitor centre, nature trails and birdwatching towers.